Trauma
Ocular trauma refers to any injury to the eye and its surrounding structures, which can result from blunt force, penetration, chemical exposure, or thermal burns. Symptoms can range from mild discomfort and redness to severe pain, vision loss, and structural damage. Immediate medical attention is crucial to assess the extent of the injury and prevent complications such as infection, retinal detachment, or permanent vision impairment. Treatment varies based on the injury’s nature and severity, including medications, protective measures, and possibly surgical intervention.
Types of Trauma
- Blunt Trauma: Caused by impact with a blunt object, leading to bruising, fractures, and internal damage without penetrating the eye.
- Penetrating Trauma: Occurs when a sharp object pierces the eye, potentially causing severe internal injury and infection risk.
- Chemical Trauma: Results from exposure to harmful chemicals, leading to burns, irritation, and potential long-term damage to the ocular surface.
- Thermal Trauma: Caused by exposure to extreme heat or cold, resulting in burns or frostbite to the eye and surrounding tissues.
Symptoms of Trauma
- Eye pain and redness
- Blurred or double vision
- Swelling and bruising around the eye
- Light sensitivity (photophobia)
- Blood in the eye (subconjunctival hemorrhage or hyphema)
- Loss of vision or complete blindness in severe cases
- Foreign body sensation in the eye
